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Oprah Gail Winfrey born Orpah Gail Winfrey is an American talk show host, television producer, actress, author, and philanthropist. She is best known for her talk show, The Oprah Winfrey Show, broadcast from Chicago, which was the highest-rated television program of its kind in history and ran in national syndication for 25 years, from to Byshe was sometimes ranked as the most influential woman in the world.

Winfrey was born into poverty in rural Mississippi to a single teenage mother and later raised in inner-city Milwaukee. She has stated that she was molested during her childhood and early teens and became pregnant at 14; her son was born prematurely and died in infancy. Winfrey was then sent to live with the man she calls her father, Vernon Winfrey, a barber in Nashville, Tennessee, and landed a job in radio while still in high school.

By 19, she was a co-anchor for the book evening news. Winfrey's often emotional, extemporaneous delivery eventually led to her transfer to the daytime twitter show arena, and after boosting a third-rated local Chicago talk show to first place, she launched her own production company. By the mids, Winfrey had reinvented her show with a focus on literature, self-improvement, mindfulness, and spirituality.

Oprahs she has been criticized for unleashing a confession culture, promoting controversial self-help ideas, and having an emotion-centered approach, she has also been praised for overcoming gay to become a benefactor to others. Winfrey had also emerged as a political force in the presidential race, with her endorsement of Barack Obama estimated to have been worth about and million votes during the Democratic primaries.

Credited with creating a more williamson, confessional form of media communication, Winfrey popularized and revolutionized the tabloid talk show genre pioneered by Phil Donahue. Inshe was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. Winfey was elected as a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in Orpah Gail Winfrey was born on January 29, ; her first name was spelled Orpah on her birth club after the biblical figure in the Book of Ruth, but people mispronounced it regularly and "Oprah" stuck.

She was born in Kosciusko, Mississippi, to an unmarried teenage mother. Her mother, Vernita Lee —, was a housemaid. Winfrey's biological father is usually noted as Vernon Winfrey born c. A genetic test in determined that her matrilineal line originated among the Kpelle ethnic group, in the area that today is Liberia.

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However, given the imprecision of genetic testing, the East Asian markers may actually be Native American. After Winfrey's birth, her mother traveled north, and Winfrey spent her first six years living in rural poverty with her maternal grandmother, Hattie Mae Presley Lee April 15, — February 27, Her grandmother was so poor that Winfrey often wore dresses made of potato sacks, for which other children made fun of her.

Her grandmother taught her to read before the age of three and took her to the local church, where she was nicknamed "The Preacher" for her ability to recite Bible verses. When Winfrey was a child, her grandmother was reportedly abusive. At age six, Winfrey moved to an inner-city neighborhood in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, with her mother, who was less supportive and encouraging than her grandmother had been, largely as a result of the long hours she worked as a maid.

Around this time, Lee had given birth to another daughter, Winfrey's younger half-sister, Patricia who died of causes related to cocaine addiction in February at age ByLee was having difficulty raising both daughters, so Winfrey was temporarily sent to live with Vernon in Nashville, Tennessee.

While Winfrey was in Nashville, Lee gave birth to a third daughter, who was put up for adoption in the hopes of easing the financial straits that had led to Lee's being on welfare, and was later also named Patricia. Winfrey did not know that she had a second half-sister until